English Grammar for International Studies - first edition 2010
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2 Word order
A
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I sometimes feel tired/Sometimes I ...
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The meeting took place last week./Last week the ...
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Does he still work ...
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They usually stay at the same hotel./ Usually they stay …
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I quite understand ...
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He had a conference in London last month./Last month he ...
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Our flights are sometimes overbooked./Sometimes our flights ...
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I heard the news yesterday./Yesterday I ...
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He slowly walked to the door./He walked to the door slowly.
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I have never been to Greece.
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They lived in New York for twenty years.
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She is rarely ill.
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Have you ever won a prize?
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I would never have ...
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The consignment will be delivered to your warehouse tomorrow./Tomorrow the … to your warehouse.
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She always goes to bed before 11.
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I could hardly understand him.
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He paid his staff badly.
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He politely asked permission./He asked permission politely.
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They had packed the vases carefully./They had carefully packed …
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They have often been to England.
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He had an accident in Germany a few weeks ago./A few weeks ago he … in Germany.
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He is still unemployed.
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He calmly left …/He left … room calmly.
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I fully understand …
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They will probably take over…/Probably they …
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I usually get u …/Usually I get up …
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… departed from Miami airport at ten o’clock./ At ten o’clock the plane departed from …
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Tomorrow I …?/I am having … interview tomorrow.
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Do you often get …
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She nervously answered …/She answered nervously …
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She was born in Morocco in 1995./In 1995 she … Morocco.
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She rarely goes out.
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I saw her … party a few weks ago./A few weeks ago I …
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The shareholders’…. in London next week./Next week the shareholders’ … in London.
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Our … increased considerably.
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Always check …
B
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We rarely receive complaints.
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The ship arrived here yesterday./Yesterday the ship ...
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We always guarantee a high quality.
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The train will leave from platform 2 at six o’clock./ At six … from platform 2.
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She works at a department store on Saturdays.
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You should always ask for a written confirmation.
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We usually ask cash payment./Usually we ..
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He started a business in New Zealand ten years ago./Ten years ago he ...
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We will arrive at Heathrow airport tomorrow./Tomorrow we ...
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Mr Green is in a meeting at the moment./At the moment Mr Green ...
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He worked in South Asia for three years./For three years he ...
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She nervously looked at the clock./She ... clock nervously.
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I fully understand what you mean.
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Our latest models will be shown at the Rome fashion fair in May./In May our latest …
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We usually send our new catalogue in January./Usually we … in January.
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The containers will be delivered to your warehouse tomorrow./Tomorrow …
C
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I usually get up: Adverbials of indefinite time like ‘usually’ are put immediately before the verb when there is only one verb.
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I would never have expected: Adverbials of indefinite time like ‘never’ are put after the first verb when there are more verbs.
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… in Leeds in 1980: When an adverbial of place and an adverbial of time occur side by side, the adverbial of place usually precedes the adverbial of time.
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She quickly ate …/ She … breakfast quickly: Adverbials of manner like ‘quickly’are put immediately before the verb or at the end of the sentence.
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5 I completely agree: Adverbials of degree like ‘completely’ are put before the verb they refer to.
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Yesterday I played …/I … football yesterday: Adverbials of definite time like ‘yesterday’ have front or end position.
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Read the instructions carefully. /Carefully read: Adverbials of manner like ‘carefully’are put immediately before the verb or at the end of the sentence
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correct
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… we always refund your money. Adverbials of frequency like ‘always’ are put immediately before the verb when there is only one verb.
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correct
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Not until this morning did I receive …. When negative adverbials (e.g. never/ not until) are put at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, the normal order of subject and predicator is inverted. This change in word order is called inversion.
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He had completely forgotten … Adverbials of degree like ‘completely’ are put before the verb they refer to.
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He gladly accepted …/He … invitation gladly. Adverbials of manner like ‘carefully’are put immediately before the verb or at the end of the sentence.
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Interest rates have fallen considerably. Considerably is nearly always placed after the verb.
D
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are usually classed
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are generally
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can cause damage
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should always clean up
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you never know
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they usually replicate
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reluctantly agree/ agree reluctantly
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… fully guaranteed
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… its prices considerably
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… should never have been closed ...