Core grammar for higher education − 4e druk 2017
Home | Docentenmateriaal > 7 The past tense
A
1 sponsored, 2 preferred, 3 dialled, 4 panicked, 5 noticed, 6 carried, 7 omitted, 8 succeeded, 9 trafficked, 10 obeyed, 11 delayed, 12 developed, 13 denied, 14 focused / focussed
B
1 occurred: Before -ed, the final consonant is doubled when it is preceded by one stressed vowel.
2 correct
3 correct
4 controlled: In British English, the final l is doubled except when it is preceded by two vowel letters.
5 conquered: Before -ed, the final consonant is doubled when it is preceded by one stressed vowel. This is not the case with ‘conquer’. ( It has the stress on the first syllable and the final consonant is preceded by two vowel letters.)
6 preferred: Before -ed, the final consonant is doubled when it is preceded by one stressed vowel.
7 correct
8 cancelled: In British English, the final l is doubled except when it is preceded by two vowel letters.
9 correct
10 correct
11 dried: When the verb ends in a consonant + y, the y changes into i.
12 exhibited: Before -ed, the final consonant is doubled when it is preceded by one stressed vowel. In ‘exhibit’ the stress is on the second syllable.
13 correct
14 dialled: In British English the final l is doubled (5) except when it is preceded by two vowel letters. Dialled is an exception.
15 correct
C
1 carried out, 2 did they open, 3 have gone up, 4 merged, 5 have lost, 6 have passed, 7 have broken, 8 received, 9 moved, 10 has crashed, 11 started, 12 have you finished
D
1 sent, 2 have decided, 3 has applied, 4 developed, 5 received, 6 did you meet, 7 have invented 8 opened, 9 wrote, 10 have bought, 11 bought, 12 remitted, 13 have transferred, 14 referred, 15 has become
E
1 worked, 2 were driving, 3 was watching, 4 was living, 5 watched, 6 was shopping, 7 took; was raining, 8 were sleeping; broke, 9 heard; were having, 10 arrived; was being, 11 was giving; interrupted, 12 happened; were cleaning, 13 joined; were dropping
F
1 When did you move?
2 While I was going upstairs, the telephone rang.
3 How long ago did he leave?
4 The accident happened while employees were cleaning the oil tank.
5 Have you known her?
6 Where did you stay when you were in England?
7 I have forgotten my book.
8 When I left home this morning, it was raining.
9 Last year we did not make a lot of / much profit.
10 Yesterday at this time I was watching TV.
11 I heard the telephone when I was leaving the house.
12 I saw this painting at an exhibition in Paris.
13 When he was checking the cargo, the telephone rang.
14 Do you know what you were doing yesterday at ten o’clock / at ten o’clock yesterday?
15 Sorry, I have dialled the wrong number.
16 We saw this yacht at the London Boat Show last month. / Last month we saw …
17 I have enclosed a leaflet in / with the letter.
18 He sold his shares because the price was falling / dropping.
19 His grandfather founded / established the courier firm / business / company in 1985.
20 The management has decided to postpone the meeting.
21 When the earthquake began / started, they were sleeping.
22 I have had breakfast already. / I have already had breakfast.
G
1 lived: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘when he was a child’.
2 applied: When the verb ends in a consonant + y, the y changes into i.
3 did you receive: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘when’.
4 founded: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘fifty years ago’.
5 correct
6 profited: The final consonant can only be doubled when the stress is on the last syllable; ‘profit’ has the stress on the first syllable.
7 was climbing: When two actions are described in one sentence the past continuous must be used for the longer action.
8 I visited: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘last year’.
9 correct
10 did these firms merge: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘when’.
11 I was working: When two actions are described in one sentence the past continuous must be used for the longer action.
12 died: The past simple must be used when we describe something that took place in the past at a specified time. In this sentence there is an indication of past time: ‘in World War II’.
13 correct